Eye diagnostic tests complement the clinical examination by providing high-resolution images and measurements of how the eye is working. They help with the early diagnosis of conditions such as glaucoma, macular degeneration and diabetic retinopathy, and with monitoring treatment using objective data.
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Optical coherence tomography (OCT)
OCT produces cross-sectional images of the retina and optic nerve at micron-level resolution, without touching the eye and in just a few minutes. It is essential for macular degeneration, diabetic macular oedema and glaucoma monitoring. See how optical coherence tomography of the macula is performed.
Visual field test
This test maps your peripheral vision: you press a button each time you see a spot of light. It is used mainly to diagnose and monitor glaucoma, but also for conditions of the optic nerve and the brain. Find out more on the visual field test page.
Specular microscopy
This test measures the number and shape of the endothelial cells, the inner layer of the cornea that keeps it clear. It is useful before cataract surgery, for long-term contact lens wearers and in corneal conditions. Read more about corneal specular microscopy.
Fundus photography
This records a digital image of the retina, macula, optic nerve and blood vessels. It allows precise comparison from one visit to the next, which is valuable in diabetes, glaucoma and suspicious lesions of the fundus. Read about fundus photography of the eye.
Comprehensive eye examination
No test replaces clinical assessment. A full examination with visual acuity, refraction, slit lamp examination, tonometry and fundoscopy determines which specialised tests are needed and when. See what a comprehensive eye examination includes.
Who needs specialised eye tests?
These tests are not carried out routinely on everyone. They are recommended mainly for people who:
- have glaucoma or suspected glaucoma,
- have diabetes,
- are being monitored or treated for macular degeneration,
- are due to have cataract surgery or refractive correction,
- notice unexplained reduction or distortion of their vision.
How to prepare
Most imaging tests require no special preparation. However, if your pupils need to be dilated, your near vision will be blurred for several hours and you should not drive. Bring your glasses and previous test results so they can be compared with the new results.
For diagnostic eye tests at the practice in Neo Psychiko, Athens, book an appointment.
Frequently Asked Questions about Eye Diagnostic Tests
Are eye imaging tests dangerous?
OCT, fundus photography and specular microscopy use light and do not expose the eye to radiation as X-rays do. They are performed without touching the eye and take a few minutes. The only practical inconvenience is blurred vision for a few hours when the test requires pupil dilation.
How often are the tests repeated?
The frequency depends on the condition and how stable it is. In glaucoma, visual fields and OCT are usually repeated once or twice a year, while in active macular degeneration OCT may be needed at every treatment visit. The schedule is set by the ophthalmologist after the initial assessment.
Are all the tests done on the same day as the visit?
Usually yes, once the need for a test arises from the clinical assessment. In some cases, such as visual field testing, which requires concentration and rested eyes, a separate appointment may be preferred. When you book, you will be told how long the visit will take and whether you need someone to accompany you because of pupil dilation.
Medically reviewed by: Dr. Vasileios Skouteris MD, FEBO